Skip to content

Cerebral Palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, that are attributed to non-progressive disturbances that occurred in the developing foetal or infant brain.

Described in 3 categories

  1. Type of motor disorder
    A) Positive = Hypertonic/Hyperkinetic (Hyper = Increased)
    B) Negative = Ataxia/Weakness (Reduced)
  2. Topography
    A) Unilateral / bilateral = “one side or both”
    B) Monoplegia / Hemiplegia / Diplegia / Triplegia / Quadriplegia = “how many limbs are involved”
  3. Function
    Multiple functional classification scales as below

Functional Classification Scales

  • GMFCS = Global Motor Function
  • FMS = Functional Mobility
  • MACS = Manual Ability
  • CFCS = Communication Function
  • EDACS = Eating and Drinking Ability
  • VFCS = Visual Function

Associated Impairments

Likely to be multiple associated secondary impairments including:

  • Pain
  • Intellectual disability
  • Non-ambulant
  • Non-verbal
  • Hip displacement
  • Epilepsy
  • Behaviour disorder
  • Bladder incontinence
  • Sleep disorder
  • Blindness
  • Non-oral feeding
  • Deafness