A major component of our goal as physiotherapists is to educate patients about their condition. Research shows repeatedly that simply understanding the nature of the problem can aid patients in recovery. On this page you’ll find links to information about a range of conditions we commonly treat and various other useful resources.
Acetabular Hip Dysplasia
What is it? The term hip dysplasia is used to describe a condition affecting the mobility and stability of the...
Achilles Tendinopathy
Overview Achilles tendinopathy is not only one of the most commonly seen injuries in running and sporting populations, but it...
Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries
What is the Acromioclavicular Joint? The Acromioclavicular joint (AC joint) is a common source of shoulder pain. The AC joint...
Acute Wry Neck
Have you ever woken up with a kinked neck that is painful? Or moved your head a certain way and...
Adductor (Groin) Strains
Adductor Muscles The adductors are a group of muscles that sit on the inside of the thigh. This group of...
Ankle Sprain
Ankle sprains most commonly occur indirectly through rapid directional change. It is for this reason that most individuals participating in...
Ankylosing Spondylitis
What is it? Ankylosing Spondylitis is a type of arthritis affecting the joints and ligaments of the spine. It is a...
Baker’s Cyst
A Baker’s Cyst is a cyst filled with fluid that can form at the back of the knee. When symptomatic...
Beginners Running Guide
How to Safely Begin Running Running is become a very popular activity to get into, it improves our health and...
Biceps Tendinopathy
Overview The biceps muscle is a flexor of the elbow and supinator of the forearm, making it important for lifting...
Biceps Tendon Subluxation
Biceps tendon subluxation occurs when the long head of the biceps tendon partially slips out of its normal groove in...
Bladder Diary
To enable a complete assessment of your current symptoms, it is important for your physiotherapist to gain a thorough understanding...
Bladder Retraining
"The aim of bladder training is to restore the normal function of your bladder" Purpose of bladder retraining: decrease the...
Bone Stress Injuries
Bone Stress Injuries (BSI) or Stress Fractures in an athletic population exist on a spectrum of disrepair which will progress...
Caesarean Section Management
What is it? Caesarean Section (C-section) is a surgical technique used for foetal delivery during childbirth. An incision is made...
CAM boot – FAQ
The specialist, doctor or physiotherapist has prescribed you this CAM boot to wear - here are some frequently asked questions...
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
Carpal tunnel syndrome is technically classified as an entrapment neuropathy. This means that the nerve is damaged at sites where...
Cervical Spondylosis
Cervical spondylosis is a common condition involving age-related changes in the bones, discs, and joints of the cervical spine (neck)....
Cervicogenic Headache
With over 200 types of headaches and migraines now classified, research has shown that different headache and migraine conditions may...
Chondromalacia Patella
What is it? Chondromalacia Patella is the gradual softening and degeneration of the cartilage located behind the patella (kneecap). As...
Clots: Venous Thromboembolism
Venous Thromboembolism encompasses the two conditions of Deep Venous Thrombosis (DVT) or Pulmonary Embolisms (PE). It is the third most...
Common Surf Paddling Mistakes
Poor paddling technique when surfing can result in injury that may have been easily preventable. Top 3 Most Common Mistakes...
Compartment Syndrome
What is it? Compartment syndrome occurs when pressure builds up within a muscle compartment, a space bound by muscles and...
Constipation
Constipation can oftentimes be difficult to discuss, even with a health professional. It is a defecation disorder that can significantly...
Costovertebral Joint Sprain
What is it? The thoracic spine is comprised of 12 spinal segments separated by a disc. Each segment articulates with...
Cross Bracing Protocol
The Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is an important structure for knee stability, especially in the sporting and active population. This...
Crutches – FAQ
Why use crutches? Crutches are a mobility aid used to help patients ambulate if they have injured one or both...
De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis
What is de Quervain’s Tenosynovitis? Tendons are rope like structures that connect muscle to bone. In the thumb joint there...
Discogenic Low Back Pain
Terminology and Definitions You may hear this condition/injury called many different things. Sometimes people mean the same thing when they...
Dupuytren’s Contracture
What is Dupuytren's Contracture? Dupuytren's contracture is a benign, progressive condition where one or more fingers can become locked in...
Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome
What is Ehler’s Danlos Syndrome? Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS) is a group of genetic connective tissue disorders characterised by joint hypermobility,...
Elbow (Olecranon) Bursitis
What is it? Olecranon bursitis is a condition which is relatively common. It is where repeated leaning and bumping of...
Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI) Syndrome
Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome is a movement disorder of the hip, resulting in symptomatic contact between the thigh bone and...
Foam Rolling: A Complete Guide
What a Foam Roller Is A foam roller is a cylindrical piece of equipment commonly made from dense foam, used...
Four Wheel Walker (4WW) FAQ
A four-wheel walker (also known as a 4WW) is a mobility aid designed to help people who have difficulty walking...
Frozen Shoulder / Adhesive Capsulitis
Frozen shoulder, adhesive capsulitis, ‘50 year old shoulder’, and frozen shoulder contracture syndrome. All names used to describe the same...
Gluteal Tendinopathy
Gluteal tendinopathies are becoming one of the most common reasons for lateral (outside) hip pain in individuals. Your hip/buttock is...
Greater Trochanteric Bursitis
Greater Trochanteric Bursitis, or Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (GTPS) are terms used to describe pain and inflammation around the lateral...
Hamstring Injury Rehabilitation
Diagnosis A hamstring muscle strain/tear is likely be the result of a 'moment in time' when you feel immediate pain...
Hamstring Strains
The hamstrings are a group of muscles that cover the posterior (back of the) thigh. The hamstrings are made up...
Hip Pointer Injuries
The pelvis is a large broad structure that connects to the base of the spine and creates the origin for...
Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBS)
Iliotibial Band Syndrome (ITBD) is a common condition causing pain on the outside of the knee. This condition is the...
Importance of Rehabilitation Before a Total Knee Replacement and Total Hip Replacement
Undergoing a total knee replacement (TKR) or total hip replacement (THR) is a major surgical procedure often recommended to alleviate...
Knee Brace – FAQ
The specialist, doctor or physiotherapist has prescribed you this knee brace to wear - here are some frequently asked questions...
Lateral Collateral Ligament Sprains
What is it? A ligament is a strong, fibrous connective tissue that connects bone to bone. They help to increase...
Ligament Sprains
What is a 'Sprain'? A sprain is an injury to a ligament. The word sprain could be used interchangeably with...
Lisfranc Injury
What is a Lisfranc Injury? Lisfranc injuries or fractures are midfoot injuries where the metatarsal bone displaces from the tarsal...
Mallet Finger Injuries (Baseball Finger)
Mallet finger injuries are injuries that occur to the tendon responsible for straightening the tip of our finger. They are...
Mastitis
What is Mastitis? Mastitis is inflammation of the breast tissue that can occur at any life stage however it is...
McKenzie Method
What is the McKenzie Method? The McKenzie Method, also known as Mechanical Diagnosis and Therapy (MDT) is a system developed...
Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer’s Elbow)
What is Golfer's Elbow? Most people have heard of Tennis Elbow, but fewer know of Golfer’s Elbow, the common term...
Meniscal Injuries and Tears
What is the meniscus? The meniscus is a type of cartilage that lies within the knee joint. It's primary role...
Morton’s Neuroma
What is it? Morton's Neuroma (MN) is a compressive neuropathy of the forefoot. This region is where the metatarsal heads...
Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic condition affecting the brain and spinal cord, where the immune system attacks the myelin...
Muscle Strains
What is a 'strain'? A muscle strain is an injury to a muscle. The word strain could be used interchangeably...
Non-Specific Low Back Pain (NSLBP)
What does "Non-Specific" mean? There are lots of things that can cause pain in our spine including bones, discs, joints,...
Open Chain Exercises Post ACL Reconstruction
Open Chain Knee Extension can be used safely from 12 weeks post op - and likely earlier. Earlier use of...
Osgood-Schlatter Disease
What is it? Osgood-Schlatter disease is a common cause of anterior knee pain in an adolescent/skeletally immature populations. It is...
Osteitis Pubis
What is Osteitis Pubis? Osteitis Pubis is an inflammation of the pubic symphysis, the cartilage that joins the two pubic...
Osteoarthritis of the Knee
Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative condition that affects the cartilage within the knee joint. As the cartilage wears...
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is a disease which occurs when bone becomes weak and brittle as a result of bone density loss. Bone...
Pain
What is pain? “An unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with, or resembling that associated with, actual or potential tissue...
Pain Diaries
Using a pain diary is a great way to track how our body is adapting to the load it is...
Parkinson’s Disease
Parkinson's disease is a long-term condition that affects how the brain controls movement and other functions. It occurs when the...
Pars Interarticularis Defect Injury
A pars interarticularis injury (also known as a "pars defect") is a condition that is commonly seen in young athletes who...
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome
Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome (PFPS) is broad term used to describe pain experienced around the kneecap (patella) or the surrounding tissues....
Pelvic Girdle Pain in Pregnancy (PGP)
Our pelvic girdle is made up of three stable structures; two hip bones (ilium) and the sacrum. The joints where...
Perineal Massage
Perineal massage is used to prepare the vaginal opening, in particular the perineum, for the stretching and pressure sensations during...
Peroneal Tendinopathy
Peroneal tendinopathy affects the tendons of the Peroneal muscles, located along the outer side of the lower leg. These muscles,...
Pessary Information
What is a Pessary? A vaginal pessary is a non-surgical option to treat pelvic organ prolapse. The vaginal pessary is...
Physiotherapy Exercise Log
An Exercise Log is a practical tool for tracking physiotherapy exercises, making it easier to monitor progress, identify patterns, and...
Piriformis Syndrome
Piriformis syndrome is a musculoskeletal condition caused by the dysfunction of the Piriformis muscle (located in the buttock). It occurs...
Plantar Heel Pain
Plantar heel pain is an umbrella term used to describe pain on the under surface of the heel. Historically, we...
Posterior Tibialis Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD)
Tibialis Posterior Tendon Dysfunction (PTTD) is a common condition causing pain along the inside of the ankle and foot. It...
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome or POTS
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a condition whereby normal regulation of autonomic functions like blood pressure and heart rate...
Psoriatic Arthritis
What is it? Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory condition that varies in symptom severity, progression and response to...
Pubic Symphysis Pain
Your pubic symphysis is located anteriorly where your two pelvic bones meet. It is held together by a fibro-cartilaginous interpubic...
Rectus Diastasis
Rectus diastasis, commonly known as abdominal separation, refers to the separation of the rectus abdominis muscles along the midline of...
Rectus Diastasis (Abdominal Separation)
Rectus Diastasis also know as ‘abdominal separation’ is a condition that occurs predominantly during pregnancy, whereby the abdominal muscles separate...
Repetitive Wrist Strain Injuries
A repetitive strain injury of the wrist happens when the tendons, muscles or ligaments of the wrist are put through...
Retrocalcaneal Bursitis
Bursae are fluid filled sacs providing shock absorption and lubrication between joints and tendons around the body. The retrocalcaneal bursa...
Running Guide: 5-10km
This program is perfect for intermediate runners, who are looking to increase their running load/distance, whilst keeping chances of injury...
Running Injured
Should I Keep Running? Source It is likely that during your running journey you will experience some pain. Running injuries...
Running Injuries
Common training volume errors and how to fix them Load vs Capacity Most running injuries occur when we do too...
Sacroiliac Joint (SIJ) Pain
Your sacroilliac joints (SIJ) are the two joints either side of your sacrum that connect your pelvis together. The main...
Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a condition where the spine curves sideways in an "S" or "C" shape. It's a musculoskeletal disorder that...
Shin Splints (Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome)
What are shin splints? Shin splints is the common term for Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome (MTSS), a pain experienced along...
Shoulder Impingement
Shoulder impingement occurs when the soft tissue structures within the shoulder joint become compressed during shoulder elevation. This movement provokes...
Shoulder Sling- FAQ
The specialist, doctor or physiotherapist has prescribed you a shoulder sling to wear - here are some frequently asked questions...
Sinus Tarsi Syndrome
What is it? Sinus Tarsi Syndrome (STS) is pain and swelling in the sinus tarsi—a small, tunnel-like space located on...
Snowboarder’s Fracture
What is it? The talus is the primary articulation point in the ankle. Located between the heel bone (calcaneus) and...
Soft Tissue Injuries & Healing
Soft tissue structures encompass the muscles, ligaments and tendons. These structures are responsible for generating torque and subsequently movement in...
Subacromial Bursitis
Also referred to as: Shoulder Bursitis Subdeltoid Bursitis Subacromial Bursitis Shoulder Anatomy The shoulder joint is a ball and socket...
Superior Labrum Anterior Posterior (SLAP) Tears
Superior Labrum Anterior Posterior Tears, also known as SLAP tears/ lesions, are an injury to the labrum of the shoulder. ...
Swimmers Shoulder
Swimmers Shoulder is an umbrella term for shoulder pain incurred from greater training demand, inappropriate load or impaired joint biomechanics...
Syndesmosis
An ankle syndesmosis injury is a common cause of pain at the front (anterior) of your ankle. This injury is...
Taping: Ankle (Rigid)
Rigid ankle taping is commonly used to provide support, stability, and protection for the ankle joint. It is especially beneficial...
Taping: Anterior Shoulder Instability
Anterior shoulder instability occurs when the shoulder joint becomes prone to slipping forward out of its natural position, often due...
Taping: Patellofemoral Joint Pain Syndrome (Medial Glide)
Patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) is a common knee condition that causes pain around or behind the kneecap (patella). It is...
Taping: Thumb
Self-taping your thumb can be an effective way to support and stabilise the joint, particularly if you are recovering from...
Taping: Wrist
Rigid wrist taping provides support and stability to the wrist joint, helping to manage injuries such as sprains, strains, or...
Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction
What is Temporomandibular Dysfunction? The Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) is located where the jaw bone, known as the mandible, meets the...
Tendinopathy Overview
Overview Tendinopathies fall under the umbrella term of overuse injuries, and are one of the most commonly seen musculoskeletal injuries....
Tennis Elbow – Lateral Elbow Pain
Tennis elbow - more than just tennis Colloquially known as Tennis Elbow - and also referred to as Lateral Epicondylitis,...
The Traffic Light System
With certain injuries and conditions, it is okay to experience some pain during activities and afterwards. However it is important...
Trigger Finger
Trigger finger, also known as stenosing tenosynovitis, is a condition affecting the tendons in the fingers or thumb. It occurs...
Types of Scarring
Scarring occurs when the skin undergoes a repair process after injury. When the skin is damaged beyond the superficial layer,...
Vertigo
Vertigo can be a debilitating and frustrating experience for many around the world. Put simply, vertigo is a type of...
Vertigo: BPPV
Key Features: Benign: Not dangerous Paroxysmal: Rapid onset that eases and then returns Positional: Triggered by head movement Vertigo: Spinning...
Walking stick- FAQ
Why use a walking stick? A walking stick is a mobility aid used to support and offload an injured leg...
Whiplash Associated Disorder
What is Whiplash? A whiplash injury is one to the muscles, soft tissue and tendons of the neck that is...
Workplace Ergonomics
Ergonomics is the science of designing and arranging workplaces to fit the individual needs of the worker. The goal of...